Little to no information concerning juvenile salmon in the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim region of Alaska is available. In the Kuskokwim River watershed, for example, the timing of migration and abundance of juvenile salmon has never been studied. In this study, we propose to estimate the population size of chum salmon smolts emigrating from the Kwethluk River, an important tributary in the lower Kuskokwim watershed. Using this estimate and an estimate of egg deposition, we will estimate survival from egg to smolt for chum salmon. In addition, we will determine the relative abundance and timing of migration of Chinook, coho, and pink salmon. This study will compliment existing studies on the Kwethluk River and provide a synergistic and integrated approach to understanding freshwater salmon productivity from egg deposition to emigration.
Our primary objective is to estimate the number of emigrating chum salmon fry/smolts using inclined-plane traps and a mark/recapture estimator. This information will allow the calculation of survival rates from the number of eggs estimated to have been deposited in the gravel. Furthermore, we will determine the timing of Chinook, coho, and pink salmon smolt/juvenile emigrations. Meaningful abundance estimates for Chinook, coho, and pink salmon smolts would be difficult to acquire. First, the extended (1-3 years) freshwater residence of Chinook and coho salmon juveniles allows for high potential for both migration into and emigrations out of the study area (Healy 1991, Sandercock 1991). Second, because the spacing of the weir pickets allows for some unknown, but presumed large, portion of spawning pink salmon to pass without being counted (Roettiger 2005), we do not have an adequate estimate of adult abundance to determine potential egg deposition. Primary Objectives Estimate the number of emigrating chum salmon fry/smolts using inclined-plane traps and a mark/recapture method. Determine the timing of Chinook, coho, and pink salmon smolt/juvenile emigrations. To achieve the primary objectives, we propose a stepwise approach, beginning with site selection and sampling gear construction/modification and ending with a standardized monitoring station and protocols. Our specific objectives are: Assess and select trap locations on the Kwethluk River. Construct and/or modify incline-plane traps for use on the Kwethluk River and develop initial protocols for operations. Test and refine protocols during first year of trap operation. Estimate the timing and number of emigrating chum salmon smolts and determine the timing of Chinook, coho, and pink salmon smolts/juvenile emigrations. Estimate survival of chum salmon from potential egg deposition (PED, i.e., the maximum number of eggs brought into the system by spawning females) until emigration from the study area.
Sean Burril
A Final Report is available for this project: Click to view First Year Funding: $372,580.00
sean.burril@usgs.gov
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A Project Authorization Statement is available for this project: Click to view
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Fields of Expertise
Biological Science
Population Biology - 26 Other Projects
Physical Science
Socio/Economic
Professional Activity
Field research and Data Collection - 37 Other Projects
Ecosystems
Freshwater – Rivers/Streams - 45 Other Projects
Ecosystem Components
Fish - 51 Other Projects
Species Groups
Anadromous salmonids - 51 Other Projects
Chinook - 22 Other Projects
Chum - 24 Other Projects
Coho - 17 Other Projects
Sockeye - 9 Other Projects
Specific research issues
Distribution and abundance - 21 Other Projects
Geographic Regions
Kuskokwim River Watershed - 22 Other Projects
Technological Expertise/Lab Methods
Lab Methods
Technology
Modeling
Method
Type
Physical Science Specialties Areas
Management/Policy/Social